A Cross Sectional Study of Pulmonary Hypertension in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients by Echocardiography at MGM Medical College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra

Author(s):

Manjiri Naik

Introduction: CKD refers to a variety of pathophysiological conditions that are linked to poor kidney function and a progressive decline of Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR). Most oftenly in End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD), PH is an underappreciated cardiovascular complication of CKD. The prevalence of PH in ESRD patients is upto 27 to 58 percent. Objective: To study and evaluate severity of pulmonary hypertension in different stages of CKD patients using echocardiography and to evaluate progression or decline in pulmonary hypertension with evolving CKD stages those who are on maintenance dialysis. Material and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in department of general medicine and nephrology, MGM Medical college Aurangabad on 126 patients >18 years, diagnosed for CKD on maintenance dialysis for at least 3 months attending OPD/ IPD of Tertiary care Hospital were included. Presence of pulmonary hypertension in all cases of CKD was assessed by echocardiography. Results: Majority of the patients (30.2%) were in the age group of 61-70 years with male preponderance of 70.6% cases. Incidence of Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) was 15.1% of which 42.1% patients had mild Pulmonary Hypertension (PH). The prevalence of heart failure with preserved EF (HFpEF,) was 85.1% while heart failure with reduced EF (HFrEF) was present in 27 (25.2%) patients. Right atrial dilatation and right ventricular dilatation was present in 41 (38.3%) and 38 (35.5%) patients respectively while left ventricular hypertrophy was present in 15 (14.1%) patients. Conclusion: We concluded that fair number of patients with CKD develops PH and incidence of PH has a positive correlation with the stage and duration of CKD withseverity of PH being directly proportional to the duration of CKD.