Background: Even though much advancement in the medical field, diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM) needs an invasive procedure for drawing of blood and estimation of blood sugar levels. The purpose of this study was to analyse the glycogen content in exfoliated cells of oral mucosa as an adjunct in the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Aim: To assess the number of PAS (Periodic Acid Schiff) positive glycogen containing cells in oral smears and correlating the findings with random blood sugar levels. Subjects and Methods: Smears were taken from buccal mucosa of 60 type II diabetes mellitus patient and 60 healthy individuals. The smears were stained with Periodic Acid Schiff stain. Each smear was screened for 100 random cells and number of PAS positive cells was noted. Based on the staining intensity of the cells, PAS positive cells are categorized as intense, moderateand mild PAS positive. Numbers of PAS positive cells were correlated with serum glucose levels of each patient. Statistical analysis used is Student T test and Pearson correlation. Results: Student t test and Pearson correlation was conducted which reveals Intense and moderate PAS positive cells was significantly higher (p<0.001) in the study group and also has significant correlation with random blood sugar levels and total PAS positive cells. Conclusion: Correlating the obtained results suggests that random blood glucose levels are one of the factors responsible for the increased glycogen positive cells from oral smears. Demonstration of increased PAS positive cells can be used as a non-invasive diagnostic screening tool for DM provided the study is repeated with larger sample of subjects.
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The Annals of Medical and Health Sciences Research is a monthly multidisciplinary medical journal.