Human Monkeypox: A Potential Public Health Hazard

Author(s):

Amit Prasad Rath, Chaitnya Prasad Meher

Human Monkeypox (MPX) is a zoonose variola virus, causing widespread infection in humans since the 1980 eradication of smallpox. Unvaccinated individuals are vulnerable to Monkeypox Virus (MPXV) infection. The virus's increased effectiveness in human to human spread, biological threat warnings, and increased scavenger populations make it a potential public health hazard due to its widespread prevalence and potential for scavenger populations. Its widespread prevalence, coupled with the ability to exploit scavenger populations, complicates containment efforts. MPXV presents symptoms similar to smallpox, such as fever, rash, and swollen lymph nodes, but with a lower mortality rate. Despite this, outbreaks can lead to significant morbidity, healthcare burden, and economic disruption. Recent outbreaks in various regions underscore the need for vigilant surveillance and prompt response strategies. Public health authorities emphasize the importance of educating communities about preventive measures, improving diagnostic capabilities, and ensuring access to medical care. The development and distribution of effective vaccines and antiviral treatments are critical to mitigating the impact of MPXV. The re-emergence of MPXV highlights the urgent need for robust public health infrastructure and international collaboration to address this ongoing threat and prevent future epidemics