Lipid Profile of AntiâRetroviral TreatmentâNaÃ¯ve
HIVâInfected Patients in Jos, Nigeria

Daniyam CA; Iroezindu MO

Lipid Profile of Anti‑Retroviral Treatment‑Naïve HIV‑Infected Patients in Jos, Nigeria

Author(s):

Daniyam CA, Iroezindu MO

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and its treatment are associated with lipid abnormalities. Data on lipid profile of treatmentâ�?�?�?�?naïve HIVâ�?�?�?�?infected patients in Nigeria are limited, and available studies did not exclude the role of major hostâ�?�?�?�?related risk factors for dyslipidemia. Aim: We assessed the lipid profile of normotensive, nonâ�?�?�?�?diabetic, and nonâ�?�?�?�?obese treatmentâ�?�?�?�?naïve HIVâ�?�?�?�?infected patients to identify their abnormalities in comparison with ageâ�?�?�?�? and sexâ�?�?�?�?matched HIVâ�?�?�?�?negative control. Subjects and Methods: One hundred and six normotensive, nonâ�?�?�?�?diabetic, and nonâ�?�?�?�?obese HIV positive patients and 98 ageâ�?�?�?�?and sexâ�?�?�?�?matched HIVâ�?�?�?�?negative controls had lipid profile estimation in the fasting state. The CD4+ cell count of the HIVâ�?�?�?�?infected patients was also quantified. Results: The median (IQR) triglyceride was significantly higher in HIVâ�?�?�?�?positive patients than in the controls [1.75 (1.30â�?�?�?�?2.40) mmol/L vs. 1.55 (1.30â�?�?�?�?1.90) mmol/L, P = 0.01]. HIVâ�?�?�?�?positive patients also had significantly lower mean total cholesterol, TC [4.18 (1.04) mmol/L vs. 4.64 (1.01) mmol/L, P = 0.001] and HDLâ�?�?�?�?C [1.17 (0.35) mmol/L vs. 1.29 (0.43) mmol/L, P = 0.03]. The mean LDLâ�?�?�?�?C [2.20 (0.87) mmol/L vs. 2.19 (0.75) mmol/L, P = 0.97] and TC/HDLâ�?�?�?�?C ratio [3.95 (1.42) vs. 3.84 (1.14) mmol/L, P = 0.52] were similar between the HIVâ�?�?�?�?positive patients and controls. The HIVâ�?�?�?�?infected patients had a significantly higher proportion of subjects with low HDLâ�?�?�?�?C [36.8% (39/106) vs. 23.5% (23/98), P = 0.04] and hypertriglyceridemia [31.1% (33/106) vs. 11.2% (11/98), P = 0.001] while the controls had significantly higher proportion of subjects with hypercholesterolemia [22.4% (22/98) vs. 10.4% (11/106), P = 0.02]. Lower HDLâ�?�?�?�?C was associated with CD4+ cell count < 200 cells/μL (P = 0.02). Conclusion: Lipid abnormalities are common in treatmentâ�?�?�?�?naïve HIVâ�?�?�?�?infected patients even in the absence of major hostâ�?�?�?�?related risk factors for dyslipidemia. HIVâ�?�?�?�?infected patients should, therefore, be routinely screened for lipid disorders before commencement of antiâ�?�?�?�?retroviral therapy.

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